A crime can be classified as either a misdemeanor or a felony, depending on its severity. 

Felonies are more serious offenses that typically involve violence or significant harm, carrying longer jail sentences and higher fines. Misdemeanors, on the other hand, are usually nonviolent crimes with lesser penalties.

Each U.S. state has its own classification system, meaning a crime might be considered a misdemeanor in one state but a felony in another. Misdemeanors include offense like vandalism, minor drug possession, and disorderly conduct, while felonies cover serious crimes such as murder, aggravated assault, and grand theft. Some crimes, depending on circumstances like weapon use, can be charged as either.

Punishments vary, with misdemeanors often resulting in fines or short jail terms in county facilities, while felonies lead to longer sentences in state prisons. A criminal plea, whether for a misdemeanor or felony, often results in fines or short jail terms in county detention facilities, while felonies lead to longer sentences in state detention facilities. A criminal record, can affect professional licensing, employment and other aspects of life.

New York State Unified Court System. n.d. “Types of Criminal Cases.” Accessed March 22, 2025. https://www.nycourts.gov/courthelp/criminal/typesCriminalCases.shtml.