A conviction, particularly for a felony, can significantly impact civil rights, including voting and firearm ownership. The extent of these restrictions varies based on the type of conviction and the jurisdiction.

In the U.S., felony convictions often lead to the suspension of voting rights, with different states imposing varying restrictions. Some states restore voting rights automatically upon release from prison, while others require individuals to complete parole or probation before regaining the right to vote. In certain states, felony disenfranchisement can be permanent unless the individual receives a pardon or successfully navigates a rights restoration process. On the other hand, misdemeanor convictions generally do not affect voting rights, allowing individuals to continue participating in elections.

A felony conviction results in a federal prohibition on firearm ownership or purchase, a restriction that is typically permanent. Restoration of this right requires state-specific legal procedures, such as clemency, expungement, or a federal pardon. While misdemeanor convictions usually do not lead to a loss of firearm rights, exceptions exist most notably for misdemeanor domestic violence offenses, which can result in firearm restrictions under federal law.

The restoration of civil rights following a conviction depends on state laws and available legal remedies. Individuals seeking to regain their rights must often go through formal legal processes, including petitions for clemency or expungement, to have their rights reinstated.